• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage vessel comprising: - a bottom panel (10) and a cover panel (11) spaced according to a thickness direction of the body; - Carrier elements (13) interposed between said bottom panels (10) and cover (11) and each having a lower base (15), an upper base (16) and a pillar (14) and extending into the thickness direction of the body between the lower base (15) and the upper base (16); and - a heat-insulating lining (17) disposed between the supporting elements (13); wherein the bases (15, 16) each comprise: - a load distribution pad (17); and - anti-spill ribs (20) regularly distributed at the periphery of the base (15, 16) and arranged to take up forces exerted on the carrier element (13) transversely to the thickness direction of the body and transmit them to the load distribution pad (17).
    公开号:FR3014085A1
    申请号:FR1361866
    申请日:2013-11-29
    公开日:2015-06-05
    发明作者:Bruno Deletre；Sebastien Delanoe；Benoit Capitaine
    申请人:Gaztransport et Technigaz SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks, with membranes, for storing and / or transporting fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
    [0002] Watertight and thermally insulated membrane tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -162 ° C. These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas used as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure. Background Art The document FR 2 877 638 describes a sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a tank wall, fixed to the carrying structure of a floating structure and presenting successively, in the direction of the thickness, from the inside towards the outside of the tank, a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas, a primary insulating barrier, a secondary sealed barrier and a secondary insulating barrier, anchored to the supporting structure. The insulating barriers consist of a plurality of juxtaposed parallelepiped heat insulating boxes. The parallelepipedic boxes include a plywood bottom panel, a plywood cover panel, a thermal insulation liner disposed in the form of a layer parallel to the vessel wall, and load-bearing members that rise across the wall. thickness of the thermal insulation lining to take up the compressive forces between the cover panel and the bottom panel.
    [0003] In use, the walls of the tank are subjected to many stresses. In particular, the walls are subjected to compressive forces due to the loading of the tank, to thermal stresses during cold setting and to forces due to dynamic shocks of the fluid contained in the tank. Also, efforts are exerted tangentially to the cover panels of the heat insulating boxes and are thus likely to cause the spill of the load-bearing members of the heat insulating boxes.
    [0004] In addition, the section of the carrier elements is generally small in order to limit the thermal conduction through the carrier elements. However, carrier elements of small section are likely to damage the cover panels and bottom punching.
    [0005] SUMMARY An idea underlying the invention is to provide an insulating self-supporting body which has good thermal insulation performance while having good resistance to stress and in particular to the forces exerted tangentially and orthogonally to the walls.
    [0006] According to one embodiment, the invention provides a self-supporting insulating box for thermal insulation of a fluid storage vessel comprising: - a bottom panel and a cover panel spaced in a thickness direction of the box ; carrier elements interposed between said bottom and cover panels and each comprising a lower base fixed against the bottom panel, an upper base fixed against the cover panel and a pillar, integral with the lower and upper bases, and extending in the thickness direction of the box between the upper base and the lower base; and an insulating lining disposed between the load-bearing elements; wherein the bases each comprise: - a load distribution pad provided with a flat bearing surface resting against the bottom panel or the cover panel; and - anti-spill ribs regularly distributed around the periphery of the base 25 and arranged to take up forces exerted on the support member transversely to the thickness direction of the body and transmit them to the load distribution base . Thus, such bases make it possible, thanks to their load distribution soleplate, to avoid the punching phenomena of the cover panel and the bottom panel. In addition, the resistance of the body to lateral stresses and bending stresses is enhanced by the presence of the ribs opposing the spill phenomenon of the carrier elements.
    [0007] According to embodiments, such an insulating box may comprise one or more of the following features: the bases comprise a body extending in the thickness direction of the box and in which the anti-spill ribs have a square shape having two faces forming a right angle respectively extending against the base plate of load distribution and against the body of the base. the bases are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed by thermoplastic welding on a thermoplastic element of the bottom panel or the cover panel. Thus, the carrier elements can be assembled to the bottom panel and / or the cover panel in a simple and reliable manner since no fastener does degrade the structural integrity of the carrier elements or the bottom and cover panels. the bases are made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers. - The bottom panel and the cover panel each have an inner face facing the interior of the body, the inner faces of the bottom panel and the cover panel being coated with thermoplastic films for fixing the bases of the carrier elements. the thermoplastic films are made of a thermoplastic composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers. - The bottom panel and / or the cover panel comprises a body made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers, said body forming a thermoplastic element for fixing the bases of the carrier elements. - The bottom panel and / or the cover panel comprises a wooden body impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix for fixing the bases of the supporting elements. the bases of each carrier element are formed in one piece with the pillar of the carrier element. the bases of a carrier element each comprise a sleeve in which is fitted one end of a pillar of the carrier element. the bases comprise two half-shells together defining the sleeve in which is fitted one end of a pillar. the bases are made of a thermoplastic material and the pillars are made of a thermoplastic material and have ends fixed by thermoplastic welding, respectively inside the sheath of the lower base and inside the sheath of the upper base . the pillars are made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers. the pillars are made of wood. the insulating box has a parallelepipedal shape and each base comprises at least four anti-spill ribs regularly distributed, each of said anti-spill ribs being arranged parallel to two opposite sides of the self-supporting insulating box. the load distribution soles have a notch between each anti-spill rib. the bases comprise a reinforcing flange extending inwardly of the body from the load distribution soleplate. the insulating box further comprises anti-spill reinforcing structures each comprising two diagonally arranged bars X-shaped and each extending between a lower base and an upper base of two adjacent support members. the heat-insulating lining consists of at least one block of glass wool, wadding or polymer foam. the heat insulating material is a bulk insulating material selected from perlite, vermiculite, glass wool or aerogels and said insulating body has peripheral partitions extending in the thickness direction of the body to retain the heat-insulating material . the peripheral partitions are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed by thermoplastic welding to a thermoplastic element of the bottom panel or the cover panel. According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank comprising a thermal insulation barrier comprising a plurality of aforementioned boxes juxtaposed, and a sealing membrane resting against the barrier of thermal insulation. Such a tank may be made with a single sealing membrane or with two alternating sealing membranes with two thermal insulation barriers.
    [0008] Such a tank can be part of a land storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
    [0009] According to one embodiment, a vessel for the transport of a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and a aforementioned tank disposed in the double hull. According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the vessel. ship. According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or ground storage facility. and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel. Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of providing an insulating box where the efforts are transmitted homogeneously. Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of providing an insulating box that is easy to manufacture.
    [0010] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, features and advantages thereof will become more clearly apparent from the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely for the purposes of the invention. illustrative and not limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings. - Figure 1 is a perspective view, cut away, of a vessel wall according to one embodiment. - Figure 2 is a sectional view of an insulating box according to one embodiment. - Figure 3 is a perspective view of a base of a carrier element according to one embodiment. FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively views from above and from the face of the base of FIG. 3. FIGS. 6 and 7 are respectively a perspective view and a front view of a carrier element comprising a pillar of which an end is nested in a base. - Figure 8 is a sectional view of an insulating box according to an embodiment comprising anti-spill devices consisting of two bars forming an X and extending between the bases of two adjacent support members. - Figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of a carrier element according to an embodiment comprising a pillar, one end is fitted into a base. - Figure 10 is a partial view, in perspective, of a carrier element according to a third embodiment. - Figure 11 is a detailed view of a base of the carrier element of Figure 10. - Figures 11 to 14 illustrate bases according to three other variants. - Figure 15 is a schematic cutaway representation of a tank of LNG tanker and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS In the description and the claims, the generic term "thermoplastic" will be used to designate, unless otherwise stated, both fiber-reinforced composite thermoplastic materials and unreinforced thermoplastic materials. In Figure 1, a wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank is shown. The general structure of such a tank is well known and has a polyhedral shape. It will therefore focus only to describe a wall zone of the tank, it being understood that all the walls of the tank may have a similar general structure. The wall of the tank comprises, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a carrier structure 1, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 which is formed of insulating boxes 3 juxtaposed on the carrier structure 1 and anchored thereto by secondary holding members 4, a secondary sealing membrane 5 carried by the insulating boxes 3, a primary heat-insulating barrier 6 formed of insulating boxes 7 juxtaposed and anchored to the secondary sealing membrane 5 by primary retaining members 8 and a primary waterproofing membrane 9, carried by the insulating boxes 7 and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank. The supporting structure 1 may in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties. The supporting structure may in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship. The carrying structure comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank. The primary 9 and secondary 5 waterproofing membranes are, for example, constituted by a continuous sheet of metal strakes with raised edges, said strakes being welded by their raised edges to parallel welding supports held on the insulating boxes 3, 7 The metal strakes are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1.2 × 10 -6 and 2 × 10 -6 K -1, or in an iron alloy with a high manganese content whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7.10-6 K-1. The insulating boxes 3, 7 have a general shape of rectangular parallelepiped. The insulating boxes 3 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 and the insulating boxes 7 of the primary thermally insulating barrier 6 can equally well have identical or different structures and equal or different dimensions. FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of an insulating box 3, 7. The insulating box 3, 7 comprises a bottom panel 10 and a cover panel 11 parallel, spaced in the thickness direction of the insulating box 3, 7. The bottom panel 10 and the cover panel 11 are planar and define the main faces of the insulating box 3, 7. The cover panel 11 has an outer support surface for receiving the primary or secondary sealing membrane 9 The cover panel 11 has, in addition, on its outer face, grooves 12 for the housing of the welding supports for welding the metal strakes of the primary 9 or secondary sealing membranes 5. Carrying elements 13 extend in the direction of thickness of the insulating block 3, 7 and are fixed, on the one hand, to the bottom panel 10 and, on the other hand, to the cover panel 11. The load-bearing elements 13 make it possible to take up the compressive forces ion. The carrier elements 13 are aligned in a plurality of rows and distributed in staggered rows. The distance between the carrier elements 13 is determined so as to allow a good distribution of compression forces. In one embodiment, the carrier elements 13 are distributed equidistantly. The carrying elements 13 comprise a pillar 14 extending in the thickness direction of the insulating box 3, 7 between, on the one hand, a lower base 15 resting against the bottom panel 10 and fixed thereto and, on the other hand, an upper base 16 resting against the cover panel 11 and fixed thereto. A heat-insulating lining 17 extends in the spaces formed between the carrying elements 13. The heat-insulating lining 17 is, for example, made of glass wool, wadding or a polymer foam, such as polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam or polyvinyl chloride foam. Such a polymer foam may be disposed between the pillars 13 by an injection operation during the manufacture of the insulating box 3, 7. Alternatively, it is possible to produce the heat-insulating lining 17 by providing, in a pre-assembled block, cut of polymeric foam, glass wool or wadding, orifices for accommodating the carrying elements 13. According to other embodiments, the heat-insulating lining 17 is made of an insulating material in bulk. Such an insulating material may be a granular or powdery material - such as perlite, vermiculite or glass wool - or a nanoporous airgel material. In this case, the insulating box 3, 7 is equipped with peripheral partitions, not shown, extending in the direction of thickness of the box, the periphery thereof and for retaining the heat-insulating seal 17. According to a variant embodiment, the peripheral partitions are plywood planks which are fixed to the bottom panel 10 and to the cover panel 11. The attachment of the partitions can in particular be made by gluing, stapling, pointing and / or screwing. Two opposite side walls are provided with a bore for circulating an inerting gas. To prevent leakage of heat-insulating linings through said bores, a gas-permeable fabric, such as fiberglass cloth, is adhered to the inner surface of the side walls in front of the bores. According to another variant embodiment, the peripheral partitions are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed to the bottom panel 10 and the cover panel 11 by thermoplastic welding. In this case, as will be detailed later, the panels 10, 11 are covered with a thermoplastic film, are made of a composite thermoplastic material or comprises a wooden body impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix, to allow operations thermoplastic welding. Peripheral partitions may in particular be made of a thermoplastic strip having a thickness of between 0.1 and 1 millimeter or a thermoplastic film. In this case, as previously mentioned, two side walls are provided with holes which are covered by a gas-permeable fabric. Alternatively, the peripheral walls consist of a thermoplastic gas-permeable fabric. Optionally, the thermoplastic material of the peripheral partitions comprises a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers. Such a material may in particular be a material designated by the acronym GMT, for "glass fiber mat reinforced thermoplastics" in English. A GMT material is formed from a set comprising a glass mat and a matrix in the form of a mat of thermoplastic polymer entangled in the glass mat and thus forming a fabric to be hot pressed. By way of example, such a material is marketed by Vétrotex under the name Twi n tex®. In connection with Figures 3 to 5, we will now describe the structure of a base 15, 16 according to one embodiment. The base 15, 16 comprise a load-distributing soleplate 17. The load-distribution soleplate is provided with a flat bearing surface resting against the bottom panel 10 or the cover panel 11. The distribution soleplate Loads 17 provide a bearing surface greater than the section of a pillar 14. Thus, the load distribution plates 17 prevent stress concentration on a small section and thus make it possible to limit the deterioration phenomena of the bottom panels 10 and cover 11 by punching. The base 15, 16 also comprises a body 18 extending in the direction of thickness of the body 3, 7. The body 18 of the base is hollow so as to define a sleeve 19 for receiving by interlocking one end of the pillar 14. The sleeve 19 being here intended to receive a cylindrical pillar 14, it has a generally cylindrical shape. Furthermore, the base 15, 16 is provided with anti-spill ribs 20 regularly distributed around the periphery of the base 15, 16. The anti-spill ribs 20 can oppose the spill phenomenon affecting the bearing member 13 when he undergoes a moment of flexion. To do this, the anti-spill ribs 20 are able to take up the forces exerted on the carrier member 13 transversely to its longitudinal direction and transmit them to the load distribution plate 17. The anti-spill ribs 20 have come of material with the load distribution soleplate 17 and the body 18 of the base 15, 16. The anti-spill ribs 20 have a generally square shape of the faces 20a, 20b arranged perpendicularly and forming the right angle s extend respectively along the load-repairing sole 17 and along the body 18 of the base 15, 16. The load-distributing sole 17 is provided with notches 21 extending between each of the anti-roll-over ribs 20.
    [0011] In the embodiment shown, each base 15, 16 has four anti-spill ribs 20. Each anti-spill rib 20 therefore extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the adjacent ribs 20. The bases 15, 16 are advantageously arranged relative to the bottom panel 10 and the cover 11 so that each of said ribs 20 is arranged parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating box 3, 7. The base 15, 16 is made by molding a thermoplastic material. According to one embodiment, the thermoplastic material comprises a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers. The thermoplastic matrix may comprise any suitable thermoplastic material, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyamides (PA), polyetherimide (PEI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate ( PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polyurethane (PU) in thermoplastic form, a mixture of these polymers or the like, the fibers may be glass fibers, carbon fibers or a mixture of carbon fibers and glass fibers The base 15, 16 may in particular be made of a GMT material, as described above, The base 15, 16, shown in FIGS. consists of two identical moldings 22a, 22b Each of these pieces 22a, 22b forms a half-shell which when the two pieces 22a, 22b are joined together define the sleeve 19 intended to receive one end of a pillar 14. such str The base plate 15, 16 consisting of two molded parts 22a, 22b makes it possible to facilitate the molding operations of the bases 15, 16 and the operations of placing the bases 15, 16 against the bottom panels 10 or of the cover 11. In another embodiment, the base 15, 16 consists of a single piece integrally molded. In addition, in yet another embodiment, the bases 15, 16 of each carrier member 13 are formed integrally with the pillar 14. In other words, the entire carrier member 13 is a integrally molded piece in one piece.
    [0012] In order to assemble the carrier elements 13 to the bottom panels 10 and the cover 11, the bases 15, 16 are fixed by a thermoplastic welding operation to the bottom panel 10 and the cover panel 11. In the embodiment, illustrated in Figure 2, the bottom panels 10 and cover 11 have a plywood body. The inner faces of the bottom panel 10 and lid 11, turned towards the inside of the box 3, 7, are covered with thermoplastic films 23. A plastic welding operation is performed in the interface areas between the thermoplastic films 23 and the load distribution flanges 17 of the bases 15, 16. In one embodiment, before the welding operations, protective masks are previously arranged on the inner faces of the bottom panels 10 and cover 11 between the interface areas between the carrier elements 13 and the panels 10, 11. When the welding operations have been performed, the protective masks can then be removed. Thus, the thermoplastic films 23 are not deteriorated during welding operations. Such protective masks are, for example, made of metal, ceramic and / or glass materials. Such masks are advantageously equipped with a cooling circuit in which a fluid circulates, such as water, air or oil in order to regulate the temperature of said masks. According to an alternative embodiment, not shown, the outer face of the bottom panels 10 and lid 11 is also covered with thermoplastic films. Such an arrangement makes it possible to balance the bending of the cover panels 11 and the bottom panels 10, in particular when they are under considerable thermal stress during the cold-setting of the tank. According to another variant not illustrated, the thermoplastic films cover only partially the inner faces of the bottom panels 10 and lid 11. In this case, the thermoplastic films are arranged only in the interface areas between the bottom panels 10 and cover 11 and the bases 15, 16. The thermoplastic films 23 are, for example, made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic matrix. Thermoplastic films 23 may especially be made in a GMT material. Thus, such thermoplastic films contribute to increasing the mechanical strength of the bottom panels 10 and the cover 11, by increasing their bending rigidity and improving their punching behavior. Such thermoplastic films 23 typically have a thickness of the order of 0.5 to 5 mm. In one embodiment, the thermoplastic films 23 are fixed to the body of the bottom panels 10 and lid 11 by gluing. The glue used is for example an acrylic glue, a polyurethane glue, or an epoxy glue. In another embodiment, the thermoplastic films 23 are fixed to the body of the panels 10, 11 by a hot pressing process. In such a case, it is conceivable to integrate the fixing of the thermoplastic films 23 directly to the plywood manufacturing process. To do this, the wood plies, previously glued, and the thermoplastic films 23 are superimposed, and then the stack thus obtained is subjected to hot pressing. For example, for such hot pressing, the stack is subjected to a temperature of the order of 190 to 200 ° C and a pressure of the order of 0.2 MPa for a period of 5 minutes. In order to facilitate the welding operations, the thermoplastic films 23 comprise a thermoplastic matrix identical to the thermoplastic matrix of the bases 15, 16.
    [0013] In another embodiment, it is the body of the bottom panels 10 and the cover 11, as such, which forms the thermoplastic element for fixing the bases 15, 16. According to a first variant, the panels of bottom 10 and cover 11 comprise a body made of a composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix, identical to that of the bases, reinforced by fibers. According to a second variant, the bottom panels 10 and lid 11 are made of a wooden body, impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix, of the same nature as that of the bases 15, 16. The body may be manufactured by agglomeration of fibers previously impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix. Alternatively, the body may be made of plywood whose inner ply, and optionally the outer ply, are made of a wood sufficiently porous to diffuse the plastic matrix hot and under pressure within said plies. Such wood is for example selected from birch, fir, beech or others.
    [0014] The welding operation is, for example, carried out by infrared radiation. However, it is possible to use any other suitable plastic welding method, such as ultrasonic welding, induction heating, friction welding, fusion welding, hot air jet welding or the flaming. Note that in the case of induction welding, it is necessary to have the metal inserts on the bases 15, 16 and / or on the bottom panels 10 and / or cover 11, at the interface between the bases 15 , 16 and the bottom panels 10 and lid 11 so as to allow heating of the thermoplastic material.
    [0015] Figures 6 and 7 show a pillar 14, one end is fitted into the sleeve 19 of a base 15, 16. According to one embodiment, the pillars 14 are made of a thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic material is advantageously a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix, reinforced by fibers. The examples of materials and fibers given above in relation to the bases 15, 16 are also applicable to the pillars 14. The pillars 14 are fixed to the bases 15, 16 by a thermoplastic welding operation. Thus, to facilitate the welding operations, the pillars 14 may be formed in a material comprising a thermoplastic matrix identical to the thermoplastic matrix of the bases 15, 16. It is possible to ensure the attachment of the pillars 13 to the bases 15, 16 before fixing the bases 15, 16 to the bottom panels 10 and cover 11 or, conversely, to secure the bases 15, 16 to the bottom panels 10 and cover 11 before attaching the pillars 14 to the bases 15 , 16. This last variant is particularly advantageous in that it allows a pre-positioning of the bases 15, 16 and thus facilitates the manufacture of insulating boxes 3, 7. According to yet another variant, it is possible to fix simultaneously, by welding thermoplastic, an embasel5, 16 to a panel 10, 11 and a pillar 14. It is observed that, in the embodiment shown in Figures 6 and 7, the pillars 14 have a hollow section, circular shape ire. However, the invention is not limited to this type of section, and the section of the pillars can also be full and have another shape: square, rhombus or rectangular for example. When the section of a pillar 14 is hollow, it is advantageously lined with an insulating material in order to limit heat loss through the pillar 14. By way of example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. the pillars 14 have a solid section, square shape. Such solid section pillars may also have a rhomboid or rectangular section. We also note that the pillars 17 can be made in many materials. Thus, in addition to the thermoplastic materials mentioned above, the pillars 14 can also be made of wood or thermosetting plastic, such as polyurethane (PU), unsaturated polyesters, epoxides, acrylics, vinylesters or other. Such thermosetting plastic materials may in particular be reinforced with fibers. In these cases, the pillars 14 can not be secured to the bases 15, 16 by thermoplastic welding, the pillars 14 are secured to the bases 15, 16 by any other means. By way of example, the fixing of the pillars 14 to the bases 15, 16 can in particular be ensured by gluing, stapling or by means of screws passing through orifices provided in the bases 15, 16 and in the pillars 14. Figure 10, the carrier member 14 comprises a pillar of solid section of square shape, one end is received by interlocking in a sleeve 19 formed in the body 18 of the base. The sheath 19 thus has a square section defined by four walls. The base 15, 16, shown in detail in Figure 11, has four ribs 20 having a generally square shape each extending along one of the four walls. The base 15 comprises a circular load distribution soleplate. Furthermore, the base comprises a ring-shaped reinforcing flange 27 projecting towards the inside of the box 3, 7 from the soleplate for distributing the loads 17. The reinforcing flange 27 is arranged around the body 18 of the base and extends substantially midway between the body 18 of the base and the periphery of the load distribution flange 17. The reinforcing flange 27 is integral with the load distribution flange 17. In other words, the reinforcing flange 27 is formed integrally with the load distribution flange 17.
    [0016] FIG. 12 shows a base 15, 16 according to an alternative embodiment which differs from the base of FIG. 11 only in that it does not comprise a reinforcing flange 27. FIGS. 13 and 14 represent bases 15 , 16 respectively provided and devoid of a reinforcing flange 27. In these embodiments, the base 15, 16 comprises two reinforcing ribs 20 extending along each of the four side walls defining the body 18 of the base. Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment in which the insulating box 3, 7 further comprises anti-spill devices. The anti-spill devices consist of two bars 24, 25, forming an X and extending diagonally between the bases 15, 16 of two adjacent support members 13. The two bars 24, 25 may also be made of thermoplastic material reinforced with fibers and welded to the bases 15, 16 by thermoplastic welding operations. Note that in the embodiment shown, the bars 25, 26 are welded against the anti-spill ribs 20. Such an X structure provides a particularly high shear stiffness while having a limited impact on the performance of thermal insulation. According to an alternative embodiment, such anti-spill devices are arranged only along the lateral faces of the insulating box 3, 7. According to another variant embodiment, such anti-spill devices can be arranged between all the carrier elements. 14. Referring to Figure 15, a broken view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
    [0017] In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
    [0018] FIG. 15 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74. The movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers . A connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77. liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting lines 81 connected by the underwater line 76 to the loading or unloading station 75. The underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations. In order to generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used. Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is not limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they are within the scope of the invention.
    [0019] The use of the verb "to include", "to understand" or "to include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps other than those set forth in a claim. The use of the indefinite article "a" or "an" for an element or a step does not exclude, unless otherwise stated, the presence of a plurality of such elements or steps.
    [0020] In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses can not be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) for thermal insulation of a fluid storage vessel comprising: - a bottom panel (10) and a cover panel (11) spaced in a thickness direction of the box ; - Carrier elements (13) interposed between said bottom panels (10) and cover (11) and each having a lower base (15) fixed against the bottom panel (10), an upper base (16) fixed against the cover panel (10), and a pillar (14), integral with the lower (15) and upper (16) bases, and extending in the thickness direction of the box between the lower base (15) and the upper base (16); and - a heat-insulating lining (17) disposed between the supporting elements (13); wherein the bases (15, 16) each comprise: - a load distribution pad (17) provided with a flat support surface resting against the bottom panel (10) or the cover panel (11); and - anti-spill ribs (20) regularly distributed at the periphery of the base (15, 16) and arranged to take up forces exerted on the carrier element (13) transversely to the thickness direction of the body and transmit them to the load distribution pad (17).
    [0002]
    Self-supporting insulating body (3, 7) according to claim 1, wherein the bases (15, 16) comprise a body (18) extending in the thickness direction of the body (3, 7) and in which the anti-spill ribs (20) have a square shape having two right-angled faces (20a, 20b) extending respectively against the load-distribution sole (17) and against the body (18) of the base (15, 16).
    [0003]
    Self-supporting insulating body (3, 7) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bases (15, 16) are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed by thermoplastic welding to a thermoplastic element (23) of the bottom panel ( 10) or the cover panel (11).
    [0004]
    4. self-supporting insulating body (3, 7) according to claim 3, wherein the bases (15, 16) are made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers.
    [0005]
    Self-supporting insulating body (3, 7) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bottom panel (10) and the cover panel (11) each have an inner face facing towards the inside of the body (3, 7), the inner faces of the bottom panel and the cover panel being coated with thermoplastic films (23) for fixing the bases (15, 16) of the carrier elements (14). Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to claim 5, wherein the thermoplastic films (23) are made of a thermoplastic composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers. Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bottom panel (10) and / or the cover panel (11) comprises a body made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers, said body forming a thermoplastic element for fixing the bases (15, 16) of the carrier elements (14). Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bottom panel (10) and / or the cover panel (11) comprises a wooden body impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix for fixing the bases (15, 16) carrier elements (14). Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the bases (15, 16) of each carrier element (16) are formed in one piece with the pillar (14) of the carrier member (13). 10. self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the bases (15, 16) of a carrier member (13) each comprise a sleeve (19) in which is nested one end of a pillar (14) of the carrier member (14). Self-supporting insulating body (3, 7) according to claim 10, in which the bases (15, 16) comprise two half-shells (22a, 22b) defining together the sheath (19) in which is fitted an end of a pillar (14) .6. 7. 8. 9.12. Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the bases (15, 16) are made of a thermoplastic material and in which the pillars (14) are made of a thermoplastic material and have fixed ends, by thermoplastic welding, respectively inside the sheath (19) of the lower base (15) and inside the sheath (19) of the upper base (16). Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to claim 12, wherein the pillars (14) are made of a thermoplastic composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers. Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the pillars are of wood. Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, having a parallelepipedal shape and in which each base (15, 16) comprises at least four anti-spill ribs (20) regularly distributed, each said anti-spill ribs (20) being disposed parallel to two opposite sides of the self-supporting insulating box (3, 7). Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the load distribution flanges (17) have a notch (21) between each anti-spill rib (20). Self-supporting insulating box (13, 17) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the bases (15, 16) comprise a reinforcing flange (27) extending towards the inside of the box (3). 7) from the load distribution plate (17). 18. self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising anti-spill reinforcement structures each comprising two bars (24, 25) arranged diagonally X-shaped and each extending between a lower base (15) and an upper base (16) of two adjacent supporting elements (14). 19. self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the heat-insulating lining (17) consists of at least one block of glass wool, cotton wool or polymeric foam. 20. Self-supporting insulating box (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, in which the heat-insulating lining is an insulating material in bulk chosen from perlite, vermiculite, glass wool or aerogels and in which said box insulation (3, 7) comprises peripheral partitions extending in the thickness direction of the box (3, 7) for retaining the heat-insulating lining (17). Self-supporting insulating body (3, 7) according to claim 20, wherein the peripheral partitions are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed by thermoplastic welding to a thermoplastic element (23) of the bottom panel (10) or the panel of cover (11). 22. A sealed and thermally insulating storage tank for a fluid comprising a thermal insulation barrier comprising a plurality of boxes (3, 7) according to any one of claims 1 to 21 juxtaposed, and a sealing membrane resting against the thermal insulation barrier. 23. Vessel (70) for the transport of a fluid, the vessel having a double hull (72) and a tank (71) according to claim 22 disposed in the double hull. A method of loading or unloading a vessel (70) according to claim 23, wherein a fluid is conveyed through isolated ducts (73, 79, 76, 81) to or from a floating or land storage facility ( 77) to or from the vessel vessel (71). 25. Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a ship (70) according to claim 23, insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged to connect the tank (71) installed in the hull of the ship. at a floating or land storage facility (77) and a pump for drawing fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP2017503121A|2017-01-26|
    CN105874261A|2016-08-17|
    FR3014085B1|2017-12-29|
    KR20160093634A|2016-08-08|
    JP6622201B2|2019-12-18|
    PH12016500892A1|2016-06-20|
    KR102277805B1|2021-07-15|
    CN105874261B|2018-06-01|
    AU2014356315A1|2016-06-02|
    MY179125A|2020-10-28|
    PH12016500892B1|2016-06-20|
    WO2015079135A1|2015-06-04|
    EP3074690B1|2017-09-06|
    AU2014356315B2|2018-07-26|
    RU2666377C1|2018-09-07|
    ES2644459T3|2017-11-29|
    EP3074690A1|2016-10-05|
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    法律状态:
    2015-11-27| CJ| Change in legal form|Effective date: 20151022 |
    2015-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1361866A|FR3014085B1|2013-11-29|2013-11-29|SELF-CONDUCTING BODY FOR THE THERMAL INSULATION OF A STORAGE TANK FOR A FLUID|FR1361866A| FR3014085B1|2013-11-29|2013-11-29|SELF-CONDUCTING BODY FOR THE THERMAL INSULATION OF A STORAGE TANK FOR A FLUID|
    KR1020167015117A| KR102277805B1|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box structure for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank|
    PCT/FR2014/052825| WO2015079135A1|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box structure for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank|
    RU2016119107A| RU2666377C1|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box structure for thermal insulation of fluid storage tank|
    CN201480062712.4A| CN105874261B|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|For the self-bearing type box structure for giving fluid reservoir heat-insulated|
    EP14809468.3A| EP3074690B1|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box structure for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank|
    MYPI2016701795A| MY179125A|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box structure for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank|
    ES14809468.3T| ES2644459T3|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box for thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank|
    JP2016532540A| JP6622201B2|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box structure for fluid storage tank insulation.|
    AU2014356315A| AU2014356315B2|2013-11-29|2014-11-06|Self-supporting box structure for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank|
    PH12016500892A| PH12016500892A1|2013-11-29|2016-05-13|Self-supporting box structure for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage|
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